<p>A charging device (2) for charging a moving member (1) to be charged includes charging device for being contacted to the member (1) to be charged to charge the member; a voltage source (E) for applying a vibratory voltage to the charging device; wherein the charging device includes a first layer (2c) contactable to the member to be charged, a second layer adjacent (2b) thereto wherein the first layer (2a) is a dielectric layer having a volume resistivity larger than that of the second layer.</p>
