ELECTROKINETIC SEPARATION METHOD AND APPARATUS UTILIZING SURFACE OF MOVING CHARGED COLLOIDAL PARTICLE

摘要

An electrokinetic method for separating molecular species employs the surface of moving charged colloidal particles in a buffered dispersing medium, in a process which combines electrophoresis and a variant of chromatography in which the "stationary phase" surface moves. The colloidal particles have on their surface a material having the ability to interact selectively with the molecular species to be separated. The surface of the particles as originally formed may have such an ability, or the surface is modified to produce it. In one embodiment the colloidal particles are negatively charged and the surface-modifying materials are metal ions. In another embodiment the surface of the colloidal particles is modified by the incorporation of affinity groups. The analytes distribute themselves between the dispersing medium and the surface of the colloidal particles, resulting in analyte migration rates which are functions of the individual distribution equilibrium constants and the rate of colloidal particle migration. A capillary column for conducting the method includes surface-modified charged colloidal particles in a buffered dispersing medium.