| 摘要 |
1,091,411. Dynamometers. PRODUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH ASSOCIATION, T.M. Birchall and R. St. John Richards. April 27, 1964 [April 30, 1963], No.17022/63. Heading G1W. [Also in Division F1] In a hydraulic dynamometer comprising a hydraulic pump or motor having its outer casing supported in anti-friction bearings in a stationary housing so that the casing is free to rotate against the constraint of a torque-measuring linkage, communicating ports or passages are formed in the casing and in the stationary housing such that the amount of rotation of the casing is determined only by the rotation of a shaft whose torque is to be measured and not by the movement of the fluid. As shown, a barrel 28 (Fig. 1) forming part of the hydraulic pump or motor transfers rotational movement of a shaft 26 to the outer casing 17 through axial pistons 31 and a swash plate 24. The movement of the casing 17 relative to a stationary end ring 15 of the stationary housing 12 in conjunction with strain gauge links 25 indicate the torque of the shaft 26. According to the direction of rotation of the shaft 26 and to the mode of operation of the dynamometer i.e. motoring or absorption dynamometer, the fluid is circulated to the pistons 31 from a hydraulic circuit via two ports 38, 53. The pistons are supplied with fluid from inlet port 38 through a radial duct 39 which leads to an annular groove 41 on the inner surface of a cylindrical fitting 13 at one end of the stationary housing 12. A duct 42 in an end fitting 18 of the casing 17 directs the fluid to a kidney-shaped passage 43 which is positioned to feed the rotating pistons successively with fluid while another duct 46 leads fluid from a kidney-shaped passage (45) Fig. 2 (not shown) which is positioned to drain the rotating pistons successively. The duct 46 opens into a central space 47 which directs the fluid to the outlet 53 by radial ducts 48 and an annular passage 51. In further embodiments, the annular passages 41, 51 may be formed at the end of the ducts 42, 48 in the surfaces of the end fittings 18, and 19 respectively and instead of providing an annular groove 41 having a duct 39 leading to a duct 42 the dynamometer may be provided with several circumferentially spaced radial ducts (39) each leading to a corresponding duct (42) Fig. 8 (not shown). The pump or motor is supported either by ball, roller or needle bearings or by fluid bearings and the speed of rotation of the shaft 26 may be sensed by a magnetic pick-up head 59.
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