| 摘要 |
<p>A method and apparatus for distilling, especially vacuum refining and deodorizing edible oils and fats utilizing sheets of oil driven downwardly in a distiller with a vacuum source at its top Fig 3,4. A nozzle includes pressure equalization chambers, cantilever adjustment screws, and a central drag sheet to produce longer lasting and more uniform thin oil sheets to be driven in the distiller Fig. 5 and 11. A continuous process deaerates, dehydrates, degums Fig. 1 and 10, bleaches Fig. 1 and 12, refines Fig. 1 and 14, removes tocopherol Fig. 1 and 16, deodorizes Fig. 1 and 18, and strips peroxides and hydroperoxides Fig. 1 and 20, from raw oil in a series of isother mal stages utilizing driven sheet distillers. No stripping steam is used except in the stage which strips peroxides and hydro peroxides. The method produces valuable, pure products such as tocopherol and fractionated fatty acids. It is especially effi cient in heat exchange and low in waste and pollution producing products. A steam sparging nozzle for distributing steam in the stripping of peroxides and hydroperoxides includes a plurality of small tubes with openings which restrict steam flow so as to pro duce a uniform distribution of optimum size steam bubbles in the steam stripping column of oil Fig 12 and 13. A microwave excitation device radiates the oil immediately prior to forming the driven sheets to excite the more volatile components of the oil for distilling.</p> |
