| 摘要 |
Alkylene imines are copolymerized with 0.05-10 mole per cent of alkyl halohydrins, or epihalohydrins, or polyepoxides, or compounds convertible into these under the reaction conditions. These compounds must have more than one halohydrin or epoxy group present or formed during the reaction, and at least one halogen atom which will react with the alkylene imine, or an acid may be provided for the latter purpose. Suitable compounds include, among others listed, epichlorhydrin, 1,2-halo-3-hydroxy propane, 2,3; 4,5 - diepoxy - 1,6 - dichlorohexane - 1,2 - epoxy - 3 - hydroxy - 4 - chloro - butane, and 2 - hydroxy - 1,3 - propane disulphuric acid ester, and the diepoxides butadiene diepoxide, vinyl cyclohexene diepoxide and N,N1-bis-(2,3-epoxy-propyl)-urea, in conjunction with an acid. The initial solution of the reactants should contain not more than 45% by weight of the imine. Any solvent for the monomers which is insert towards them is suitable, though water is preferred. The products are cationic, many-branched, polyamines giving stable water solutions not degenerating on storing. Spontaneous polymerization does not occur below about 40 DEG C., so that the imine and comonomer may be mixed in the reaction vessel, or immediately before entering it, then heated to polymerization temperature in a "batch reaction," or may be run, as a "continuous batch," into a mixture already at polymerization temperature, which the heat of polymerization helps to maintain. Examples describe the reactions of ethylene imine with 0.7 to 1.4 mole per cent of epichlorhydrin, and compares the products with acid-catalyzed polyimines of the prior art. Also described are reactions of 2-methyl ethylene imine, N-methyl ethylene imine, 2-ethyl ethylene imine, and N-n-butylethylene imine with epichlorhydrin in water, methanol, or isobutanol, or mixtures of methanol, isobutanol or benzene with water, and the reactions of ethylene imine with vinyl cyclohexene diepoxide and limonene diepoxide in hydrochloric acid.ALSO:Paper may be treated with a resin obtained by copolymerizing an alkyline imine with .05-10 mol per cent of an alkyl halohydrin or epihalohydrin (see Division C3). Addition of the resin improves the freeness and drainage, and the flocculation and filler retention of paper pulp slurries, and the wet strength and drying properties of sheet paper, and improves the adhesion of plastic films and of inks thereto. In an Example paper hand sheets are prepared containing .1 or .5 weight per cent of various ethylene imine-epichlorhydrin cocondensates. |
