| 摘要 |
<p>Chlorinated hydrocarbons are produced by contacting a feed containing ethane, hydrogen chloride and molecular oxygen in the vapour phase at elevated temperature with a catalyst comprising copper deposited on activated alumina, the alumina having been subjected prior to deposition, to a heat treatment at a temperature between 500 DEG and 1,400 DEG C. The catalyst may be copper, copper oxide or copper chloride which may be applied to the support in any suitable manner. The catalyst/alumina mixture should preferably contain 0.5-10% by weight of copper in free or combined form. The catalyst may also contain an alkali and/or alkaline earth metal in combined form in an amount preferably of 0.5-5% by weight. Suitable compounds are, for example, the hydroxides, chlorides, carbonates, aluminates or nitrates of sodium, potassium or magnesium. The catalysts may also contain iron or a rare earth metal. The reaction temperature is preferably in the range 200-500 DEG C. The main products are vinyl chloride, ethyl chloride and 1,1 and 1,2-dichlorethanes. The dichlorethanes may be further pyrolyzed to give vinyl chloride and hydrogen chloride which may be recycled to the process. By-products include dichlorethylenes, trichloroethanes, tetrachloroethane and pentachloroethane.</p> |
