| 摘要 |
1. A heat pump for drawing heat from surface water, comprising at least one evaporator adapted to have a refrigerant flow therethrough, a charging device (9) for charging a stream (11) of water supplied from a water discharge means (17) onto the evaporator from above for heat exchange between the evaporator and the water flowing downward thereat, a water draining means (23) for draining the water flown downward, a refrigerant circuit for transferring heat from the water flowing downward to a consumer (43) having an elevated temperature in comparison with the water, and a regulating means comprising a temperature sensor (69) sensing the operational condition, characterized in that for the formation of a uniform film of water (13, 15) the evaporator consists of a plurality of upright evaporator plates (3), the water charging device (9) comprises a rinsing tub (71) arranged above the evaporator plates (3) which is provided with several discharge openings (73) dimensioned and distributed to obtain a uniforme bias of the evaporator plates (3), the evaporator plates (3) comprises distributing means for the uniform distribution of the interior flow of refrigerant and the exterior film of water, that the regulating means is adapted to be controlled by the temperature sensor (69) to maintain a temperature of the water film closely above the freezing point, and that to avoid the formation of ice at the evaporator plates in permanent operation a cleaning device (79) is provided for the surfaces of the evaporator plates (3) which comprises a selectively actuable icing means (79) for the temporary formation of ice at the evaporator plates (3) and subsequent thawing. |
