| 摘要 |
A mixture of 1,3-butadiene, carbon monoxide and a monoalkanol of the general formula ROH in which R is a straight or branched chain alkyl group of from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms is reacted in the presence of catalyst to provide alkyl nonadienoate ester at high levels of productivity and little, if any, catalyst decomposition, employing as catalyst, a palladium-ligand complex comprising: (a) a member selected from the group consisting of zerovalent palladium, a palladium-containing composition which provides zerovalent palladium under reaction conditions and palladium (II) salt; (b) a strong ligand selected from the group consisting of tertiary phosphine having a pKa in water of not greater than about 6, a phosphite of the general formula (R1O)(R2O)(R3O)P in which each of R1, R2 and R3 is an alkyl group having at least 9 carbon atoms, an aryl group or an alkaryl group, an arsine of the general formula R1R2R3As in which each of R1, R2 and R3 have the aforestated meanings and a stibine of the general formula R1R2R3Sb in which each of R1, R2 and R3 have the aforestated meanings, the mole ratio of said strong ligand to palladium being from about 1:1 to about 3:1; and, (c) a weak ligand selected from the group consisting of tertiary phosphine having a pKa in water of greater than about 6, a phosphite of the general formula (R4O)(R5O)(R6O)P in which each of R4, R5 and R6 is an alkyl group having less than 9 carbon atoms, an arsine of the general formula R7R8R9As in which each of R7, R8 and R9 is an alkyl group having less than 9 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group and a stibine of the general formula R7R8R9Sb in which each of R7, R8 and R9 have the aforestated meanings, the mole ratio of said weak ligand to palladium being from about 4:1 to about 100:1.
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