| 摘要 |
Dispersant compsns. for removing oil spills from water (esp. sea water) comprise a surfactant, a solvent and an assimilable N source for oil-biodegrading microorganisms. The N source is a monoalkylguanidinium salt (I) of formula RNH-C(NH)-NH2.HX (where R is an opt. unsatd. 8-20C aliphatic hydrocarbon gp. and X is halogen or an acid anion). - Pref. (I) are those where R is 12-18C hydrocarbyl and X is Cl, NO3 or HSO4. The surfactant may be ethoxylated tall oil, a polyol mono- or polyester, an ethoxylated or propoxylated polyol mono-or polyester, an ethoxylated fatty alcohol and/or an alkali metal dialkyl sulphosuccinate. - (I) are cheap to produce, have relatively low water-solubility, are hydrolytically stable, are readily adsorbed on oil, have low toxicity to marine life, and are readily dispersed in the compsns. GBAB- GB2115399 B Dispersing compositions for treating oil slicks on seawater characterized in comprising at least one surface-active agent, at least one solvent, and a monoalkylguanidinium salt having the general formula: R-NH-C(=NH)NH2.HX wherein R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radial containing from 8 to 20 carbon atoms, and X is a halogen or an acid anion.a USAB- US4512914 A DIspersing compsns. for treating oil slicks on sea water, comprise 1 or more surface-active agent, 1 or more solvent, and a monoalkylguanrdinium salt of formula (I) (where R is (8-20C) aliphatic hydrocarbon, and X is halogen or acid anion). - Pref. R is (12-18C) aliphatic, X is Cl, CH3SO4, NO3, HSO4, CH3C(O)), or R1C6H4SO3; and R1 is H or (1-12C) alkyl. (I) is used in amt. 5-15 wt.% w.r.t. compsn., which further comprises a P-cpd. and nutrient for microorganisms, and 3 wt.% or less of alkylbenzenesulphonic magnesium salt or calcium salt.
|
