| 摘要 |
A urea-purified olefine containing six or more carbon atoms is copolymerized with an unsaturated polymerizable compound containing an alcoholic -OH group, a -CN group, a -CONR1R2 group or a -NR1R2 group, where R1 and R2 are hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl radical. In a modification the polymerizable compound may not contain the desired group or groups but these are introduced after copolymerization, e.g. by hydrolysis, oxidation, reduction, or amination. The olefine is obtained from the thermal or catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon feedstock or from the cracking of the raffinate obtained from the selective solvent extraction of heavy catalytically-cracked cycle oil. The olefine may be purified in accordance with the processes described in Specifications 657,496, 671,456, 671,457, 671,458, 681,246, and 725,598. Suitable polymerizable compounds containing the desired groups are acrylonitrile, acrylamide, methacrylonitrile, alpha - ethyl acrylonitrile, alpha-propyl acrylonitrile, 2-butyl-2-hexenenitrile, 2 - propyl - 2 - pentenenitrile, 2 - chloroethyl-2-butenenitrile, 2-ethyl-3-chloro-2-butenenitrile, 2-isopropyl-3-bromo-2-pentenenitrile, and alpha - isopropyl - beta - cyclo - hexyl - acrylonitrile, and the corresponding amides. Suitable polymerizable compounds which can be after-treated after polymerization, e.g. by hydrolysis or alcoholysis, are vinyl chloride, acetate, propionate, butyrate, or benzoate. The copolymerization, e.g. in bulk, is preferably effected in the presence of conventional peroxy compounds. The copolymers are suitable as additives to lubricating oils.ALSO:Lubricating oils, in particular mineral or synthetic lubricating oils, comprise as a detergency additive a copolymer of a urea-purified olefine containing six or more carbon atoms with an unsaturated polymerizable compound containing an alcoholic -OH group, a -CN group, a -CONR1R2 group or a -NR1R2 group, where R1 and R2 are hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl radical (see Group IV (a)). The amount of the additive is generally between 0.1 and 10% by weight of the whole composition. The polymerizable compound may be acrylonitrile, acrylamide, methacrylamide, alpha-ethyl acrylonitrile, alpha-propyl acrylonitrile, 2 - butyl - 2 - hexenenitrile, 2 - propyl-2-pentenenitrile, 2-chloroethyl 2-butene nitrile, 2-ethyl 3-chloro 2-butene-nitrile, 2-isopropyl-3-bromo - 2 - pentene nitrile, or alpha - isopropyl-beta - cyclo - hexyl - acrylonitrile, or corresponding amides. In the examples the copolymers are added to mineral oils which are tested for cleansing action against mineral oils containing no additives. Specifications 657,496, 671,456, 671,457, 671,458, 681,246 and 725,598 are referred to. |
