Method and an apparatus for intra-aortic balloon monitoring and leak detection

摘要

A method of and an apparatus for intra-aortic balloon monitoring and leak detection in which the balloon is inserted into the aorta of a body and the balloon is inflated and deflated with gas by a control system and in which the balloon includes an electrical conductor therein extending out of the body. An alternating current source is applied between the electrical conductor and an electrode connected to the exterior surface of the body thereby transmitting an alternating current through the body and across the balloon. The impedance between the electrical conductor and the electrode is measured which is an indication of the inflation and deflation of the balloon and the occurrence of any leak in the balloon. The control system of the balloon is automatically shut down in the event the impedance falls below a predetermined level. The frequency of the alternating current is above the range of cardiac susceptibility and the magnitude of the electrical current passing through the body is small and limited. Safety is further ensured by a high degree of electrical isolation of electronic circuitry in contact with the body. Under appropriate circumstances, the electrical method for balloon leak detection can be implemented also by the employment of direct current and the measurement of conductance change caused by a balloon defect.