| 摘要 |
<p>Vanadium(V) is recovered from the vanadium production effluent, which can contain up to 5g/l of chromium (VI), using liquid membrane permeation via a combination of the following process measures: a) Formation of a stable emulsion by dispersing an aqueous phase containing ammonium salt in an organic phase consisting of a quaternary ammonium salt as a component-specific transport means for anions, one or more surface-active substances and one or more diluents, b) Contacting this emulsion with the effluent containing vanadium(V) in a mixing device, preferably a counter-current apparatus, setting an effluent/aqueous phase volume ratio of 10:1 to 500:1 within the emulsion, the vanadium(V) which is to be separated off penetrating the organic phase, which acts as a membrane, and concentrating in the aqueous phase thereof, c) Separating the effluent phase, from which vanadium (5) has been removed, from the emulsion and d) Breaking the emulsion, separated from the effluent phase, by means of a centrifuge or a centrifuge/electric field combination, directly reutilisable ammonium vanadate being separated off and the aqueous phase as well as the organic phase being recycled again, if desired, to the preparation of the emulsion. <IMAGE></p> |
