CHARGED PARTICLE GENERATING AND UTILIZING

摘要

A cylindrical, retarding potential difference type electron monochromator with exceptionally high energy resolution includes an electron beam source having essentially zero transverse velocity in a region that is maintained essentially free from magnetic fields. This device can also be used as an electron energy analyzer. In the electron spectrometer the electron beam passes through a chamber having a gas to be analyzed and then impinges upon an electron collector or electron energy analyzer. A sawtooth scanning potential waveform is applied to the chamber; a square wave of higher frequency, to a retarder electrode. The collector current as a function of the instantaneous value of the sawtooth potential measures the electron resonances of the gas. The electron resonances identify the various constituents of the gas and determine the partial pressures of the individual constituents. The device described herein to produce a monoenergetic electron beam or to energy analyze an electron beam applies equally well to other charged particles such as atoms or molecules.