Betatron accelerator having high ratio of Budker parameter to relativistic factor

摘要

A betatron for accelerating charged particles in a toroidal vacuum chamber comprising a betatron magnetic field generator; a toroidal magnetic field generator; a generating circuit for generating a charged particle beam into the toroidal chamber with an energy and current such that the ratio of the Budker parameter nu to the relativistic factor gamma of the beam in the range nu / gamma =0.005 to 0.25 so that the toroidal field effects are significant and act to stabilize the beam, with the beam generation initiated at a point in the betatron magnetic field cycle where the betatron field is slightly less than the field equilibrium value for the beam; a circuit disposed in the toroidal chamber for reducing the local betatron field in the toroidal chamber only during the beam trapping stage while maintaining the average flux constant inside the beam orbit to prevent collision with the beam generation circuit after the first bounce; and a coil circuit disposed such that its axis is approximately coincident with the major axis of the toroid for generating a time varying magnetic field in a direction approximately perpendicular to the plane of the toroid to thereby induce an electric field to oppose the electric field induced by the diffusion of the self magnetic field.