PROCESS FOR PRODUCING OIL FUEL, BITUMENS AND ASPHALTITE

摘要

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING OIL FUEL, BITUMENS AND ASPHALTITE A process for producing oil fuel, bitumens and asphaltite by way of intermixing products selected from the group conisiting of sour goudrons and spent sulphuric acid with a hydrocarbon fraction comprising heating the hydrocarbon fraction prior to mixing to a temperature of from 10 to 450.degree.C, introducing thereinto said products at a temperature of from 30 to 90.degree.C, followed by contacting the components of resulting reaction mixture and separation, at a temperature of from 102 to 360.degree.C, of the vapour-gas phase formed in the process. The process is conducted under a pressure of from 0.1 to 20x105 n/m2 in a stepwise manner; in the first step there is added and simultaneously dispersed one part by mass of products selected from the group consisting of sour goudrons and spent sulphuric acid in 0.5-80 mass parts of a hydrocarbon fraction heated to a temperature of from 102 to 260.degree.C followed by contacting the components of the reaction mixture obtained in the first step; in the second step one part of the reaction mixture with the separated vapour-gas phase and obtained in the first step is introduced simultaneously with dispersing in 0.4-90 parts by mass of a hydrocarbon fraction having temperature of from 120 to 450.degree.C, followed by maintaining the reaction mixture and separating the vapour-gas phase. The reaction mixture is maintained in the first step for 1-150 seconds, in the secont step or 2-700 seconds. Separation of said vapour-gas phase is effected upon spraying at a linear speed of dense jets of from 0.01 to 10.5 m/sec. During and after separation of the gas-vapour phase a gas carrier is supplied in an amount of from 0.02 to 1.6 m3/m2, sec. As the carrier gas use is made of nitrogen, steam, air, carbon dioxide or mixtures thereof. To obtain bitumens as the hydrocarbon fraction use is made of high-molecular organic compounds or mixtures thereof such as straight-run goudrons, deasphaltization asphalts, extracts resulting from selective purification of petroleum oils or mixtures thereof. To obtain asphaltite, into the reaction mixture a hydrocarbon fraction is added having temperature ranging from 10 to 120.degree.C in an amount of from 1 to 60 parts by mass per one part by mass of the reaction mixture, followed by separation of asphaltite and recycling the hydrocarbon fraction to the process. The present invention may be advantageously employed in petrochemical, oil-refining, coal-tar and other industries associated with the use of sulphuric acid as a reagent.