| 摘要 |
Potassium is produced from its non-stoichiometric oxide or sulfide and subsequently used to obtain less active metals and hydrocarbons. Potassium oxide or potassium sulphide is thermally decomposed substantially in the absence of water to produce potassium metal, and, respectively, potassium peroxide or potassium superoxide, and potassium disulphide, potassium metal being recovered from the other potassium products. A portion of the obtained potassium metal is reacted in the molten or vapor state with at least one oxide or sulphide of magnesium, copper, calcium, silver, lead, zinc, antimony, cadmium, iron, arsenic or mixtures thereof to displace the metal from the oxide or sulphide, the displaced less active metal being recovered from residual potassium or potassium compounds. A portion of the previously obtained potassium metal is reacted with water to form hydrogen, potassium oxide and potassium hydroxide, and some of the hydrogen obtained is used to prepare a hydrocarbon. The hydrocarbon can be prepared by reducing the hydrogen with the obtained potassium metal at a temperature between 250 DEG C and 300 DEG C to form potassium hydride which is reacted with carbon to form potassium acetylide which is contacted with water to synthesize acetylene and potassium hydroxide, the acetylene then being hydrogenated to ethene and ethane with hydrogen. Alternatively, the hydrocarbon can be prepared by using the hydrogen to hydrogenate carbon in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to form methane. |
