| 摘要 |
<p>Heavy liquid hydrocarbons are upgraded by (a) subjecting them to hydrogen donor diluent cracking, (b) fractionating the cracking prods. and subjecting the bottoms stream to delayed coking, (c) passing delayed coke to a top-fed, internally-fired moving bed vertical shaft kiln, (d) introducing combustion air into the kiln, (e) maintaining upward gas flow in the kiln and recovering flue gas contg. N2 from the top, (f) introducing steam to the lower part of the kiln so that hydrogen is formed by reaction with descending hot coke, (g) recovering N2-free, H2-rich stream from the kiln at a level above the steam injection level and below the combustion air inlet, and (h) using this stream to hydrogenate hydrogen-depleted recycle donor solvent for use in the cracking step. - The process is useful for upgrading low gravity crude oil, petroleum residual oil, shale oil, far sand bitumen and coal-derived liquids, esp. for treating low gravity, high sulphur crude oil. The feedstock is efficiently upgraded without the need for an external hydrogen source.</p> |
