Precast concrete structural unit and composite wall structure

摘要

Precast concrete structural units and composite wall structure comprising a plurality of the units stacked vertically in horizontal rows. Each unit comprises a pair of laterally spaced longitudinally extending side panels. A pair of laterally extending connecting arms are connected to or formed integrally with the panels at their respective inner surfaces whereby to secure the panels in relatively fixed position. A mortise-tendon connection between superposed units is provided with a vertically recessed mortise at the bottom of each connecting arm and a complementary vertically projecting tendon at the top of each arm. Each mortise and tendon defines a pair of laterally spaced oppositely facing generally vertical bearing surfaces and each mortise and tendon is approximately 1/3 the total width of the associated structural unit. Longitudinal spacing of connecting arms from each other is approximately twice the longitudinal spacing of each arm from the adjacent end of the side panels. Thus, the units may be stacked vertically in alignment or in horizontally staggered rows with horizontal displacement between units in adjacent rows approximately one half of the length of a unit. The connecting arms are thus aligned vertically to provide columnar openings which may be filled for added structural integrity of the wall and to provide a gravity wall. A composite wall may include rows of wider units at the bottom with rows of narrow units thereabove as well as a narrow-wider-narrower arrangement and conversion units may be employed at the interface between wider and narrower units. A bearing wall may include vertical tie rods and bearing pads or other material may be employed in joints between units. Filter and trim material may also be employed in bearing and other walls. A shingle effect may also be provided to conceal horizontal joint lines. Double mortise-tendon units, vertical partition means, hold-down slabs, L-shaped top units and other features are also disclosed.