| 摘要 |
Long-term accumulators for heat or cold require extremely low coefficients of thermal conductivity lambda , in order for the losses to remain small. Such low lambda values can be achieved with fibrous or granular insulating layers as soon as the pressure is reduced (Smoluchowski effect). The smaller the mean free path length of the gas atoms or molecules between the fibres or grains of the insulating material, the lower the requirements placed on the vacuum. Temperature compensation and its consequences are possible by means of increasing pressure. The present patent claim covers pressure-controlled accumulators which by means of stipulating the mean free path length of the gas in the cavities of the insulating material permit individual wall parts of the container to be used selectively as heat exchangers without there being a need for the pressure wall of the accumulator to be penetrated by a heat exchanger. In the pure case of an accumulator, the vacuum-tight skin of the accumulator is at ambient temperature in common with the heat-exchanging part of said skin. |
