Hydrocracking of heavy oils

摘要

Heavy hydrocarbon oil, such as oils extracted from tar sands, is hydrocracked in the form of a slurry 10 of heavy hydrocarbon oil and finely divided fly ash or high ash coal fines in the presence of an excess of hydrogen in a tubular hydrocracking zone 13; the effluent 14 emerging from the top of the zone is separated into a gaseous stream 18 containing a wide boiling range material and a liquid stream 17 containing heavy hydrocarbons. The presence of this ash in the charge stock serves to greatly reduce coke precursors and thereby prevent the formation of carbonaceous deposits in the reaction zone.