Hydrocatalytic process for producing cracking feedstocks and fuels

摘要

The invention relates to a process for the hydrocatalytic production of cracking feedstocks and fuels from higher-boiling hydrocarbon fractions of primary, secondary or carbochemical origin. The process is characterised in that the hydrocarbon raw material is passed over a catalyst combination which consists of two layers and, in the first layer, contains a catalyst having a predominantly refining hydrogenating action and consisting of nickel(II) oxide, tungsten(VI) oxide and slightly acidified X-ray-amorphous alumosilicate and, in the second layer, contains a catalyst which can be highly loaded and consists of a blend of separate particles of in each case one or more nickel and molybdenum or tungsten compounds and X-ray-amorphous and crystalline alumosilicate. The temperature profile in both layers is adiabatically rising and can be lowered between the first and second layer or within the second layer by addition of hydrogen or hydrocarbon. The advantages of the process according to the invention - the simultaneous production of cracking feedstocks of low BMCI value and of fuels which are significantly improved qualitatively as compared with conventional processes, and the high yield of liquid products and the low hydrogen consumption - are demonstrated in two examples.