| 摘要 |
Wool is shrink proofed and treated with antiseptics, insect repellents and insecticides by grafting on to it a condensation polymer by treating the wool serially with the reagents required to form the desired polymer and forming the polymer in situ on the wool, there also being applied to the wool together with one of the reactants an antiseptic, insect repellent or insecticide which becomes embedded in the treated wool when the polymer is formed. Polyamides may be grafted on to wool by treating it with a diamine and a diacid chloride, polyurethanes by treating with a diamine and a bischloroformate, polyureas by treating with a diamine and a diisocyanate, polyesters by treating with a diol and a diacid chloride, polycarbonates by treating with a diol and a bischloroformate, polysulphonamides by treating with a diamine and a disulphonyl chloride and polysulphonates by treating with a diol and a disulphonyl chloride, the components being applied in either order and being reacted by drying the impregnated wool. The components may be applied as solutions in mutually immiscible solvents, the polymer being formed at the inter face between the phases. Suitable pairs of immiscible solvents are water and toluene, carbontetrachloride, xylene or a volatile petroleum hydrocarbon distillate. Suitable antiseptics are b -naphthol, o-phenylphenol, 2,4,5 - trichloro phenol, 2 - bromo - 4 - phenyl phenol, tetrachloro phenol, pentachlorophenol, 4 - chloro - 2 - phenyl phenol, 6 - chloro - 2-phenyl phenol, sodium o-phenyl phenate, sodium 2,4,5 - trichloro phenate, sodium tetrachloro phenate, sodium pentachloro phenate, lauryl pyridinium chloride, 2,21 - dihydroxy - 5,51 - dichloro diphenylmethane, salicyl anilide, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate, the laurylamine salt of tetrachlorophenol and the dodecylamine salt of lactic or salicyclic acid, suitable insect repellents are N-ethyl toluamide, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexane diol, dimethyl phthalate, dimethyl carbate and butopyronoxyl, and suitable insecticides are p-dichloro benzene, sodium silicofluoride, pyrethrins, dieldrin, pentachloro-dihydro triphenyl methane sodium sulphonate, extract of derris root, pentachlorophenol, dinitronaphthol, dinitroortho cresol, benzene hexachloride, DDT, N,N - diethyl - N1 - acetyl thiocarbamo sulphenamide and N,N-diphenyl-N1-acetylthiocarbamo sulphenamide.ALSO:Wool is shrink proofed and otherwise finished by grafting on to it a condensation polymer by treating the wool serially with the reagents required to form the desired polymer and forming the polymer in situ on the wool, there also being applied to the wool together with one of the reactants a finishing agent which becomes embedded in the treated wool when the polymer is formed. Polyamides may be grafted on to wool by treating it with a diamine and a diacid chloride, polyurethanes by treating with a diamine and a bischloroformate, polyureas by treating with a diamine and a diisocyanate, polyesters by treating with a diol and a diacid chloride, polycarbonates by treating with a diol and a bischloroformate, polysulphonamides by treating with a diamine and a disulphonyl chloride and polysulphonates by treating with a diol and a disulphonyl chloride, the components being applied in either order and being reacted by drying the impregnated wool. The components may be applied as solutions in mutually immiscible solvents, the polymer being formed at the interface between the phases. Suitable pairs of immiscible solvents are water and toluene, carbontetrachloride, xylene or a volatile petroleum hydrocarbon distillate. Suitable finishing agents are agents for imparting fire-or-flame-resistance, e.g. sodium borophosphate, ammonium sulphamate, chlorinated diphenyl, chlorinated paraffin and the bromoform adduct of triallyl phosphate, soil, oil and water repellents, e.g. emulsions of waxes and aluminium or zirconium acetate, polydimethyl siloxanes, polymethyl hydrogen siloxanes, polyvinyl perfluorobutyrate, polyperfluorobutylacrylate, the chromium complexes of CF3(CF2)2-15 COOH, chlorinated paraffin waxes, aluminium soaps, cetyl palmitate and stearyl stearate, odorants, deodorants, sizes, e.g. starches, gums, methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylic acid and sodium polyacrylate, acid, direct, sulphur and solvent type dyes, pigments e.g. bariumchromate, strontium chromate, zinc chromate, venetian red, turkey red, indian red, carbon black, ochres, siennas, umbers, cinnabar, powdered metals, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, lithopone, basic lead carbonate and basic lead sulphate, fluorescent brightening agents, softeners, e.g. fatty acid esters of diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, sulphonated animal or vegetable fats, high molecular weight aliphatic alcohols, stearic or palmitic acid, sorbitan monolaurate, palmitate or stearate, condensation products of fatty acids and alkylolamines, or amino sulphonic acids, fatty acid esters of ethylene glycol monoalky ethers, stearamido methylpyridinium chloride and octadecyloxymethyl pyridinium chloride and anti-static agents, e.g. polymers of b -propiolactone and quaternary ammonium compounds. The finishing agent may be added to either treating solution or both.
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