| 摘要 |
1,221,010. Controlling reactors. EUROPEAN ATOMIC ENERGY COMMUNITY. 11 Dec., 1968 [5 April, 1968], No. 58952/68. Heading G6C. A nuclear reactor has a system of combined safety and control rods comprising hollow tubes passing upwardly through the reactor core, means for providing a neutron absorbing gaseous atmosphere in the tubes at variable pressure to constitute control rods, and means for introducing a liquid solution containing a neutron poison into the tubes to constitute safety rods. In one embodiment (Fig. 1), hollow tubes 2 pass through the core 1 from a lower collector or header 3 to an upper collector or header 4 which is provided with a discharge pipe 5. The lower collector 3 is connected to a poison-solution accumulator 7 having a bubbling tube 8 terminating in the upper collector 4. During the normal operation of the reactor, the poison solution is kept at a level 9 just below the core 1 by means of an overflow pipe 10. The tubes 2 are connected by means of the upper collector 4 and a connection pipe 16 to a gaseous circuit comprising in series a valve 17, a low pressure reservoir 18, a compressor 19, a high pressure reservoir 20 and a valve 21. The gas is pumped by the compressor 19 in the direction of the arrows 22. The part 23 of this circuit comprising the pipe 16 is also in communication with the way 13 of a 3-way valve 12, 13, 14. The gas pressure in the tubes 2 can be regulated merely by opening and closing the valves 17, 21. Helium enriched with He-3 may be used as the control gas. The way 13 to 14 of the valve 12, 13, 14 is open so that the pressure variations of the control gas leave the level 9 of the poison solution unchanged. In an emergency, an alarm signal causes the way 13 to 14 to be closed and the way 12 to 14 to be opened so that pressure driving gas from a reservoir 15 forces the poison solution from the accumulator 7 into the tubes 2, the solution driving the control gas before it. |
