ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS WITH LITHIUM NEGATIVE ELECTRODES

摘要

Electrochemical cells utilizing lithium negative electrodes capable of discharge at high rate in which the lithium electrode operates in substantially insoluble manner utilizing a non-aqueous electrolyte in which lithium and its oxidation products formed during discharge are insoluble, in which the lithium is not corroded and which has acceptable conductivity and in which excessive electrode polarization and passivation is prevented. The composition of the non-aqueous electrolyte comprises at least a solution of a tetrabutylammonium salt in propylene carbonate and advantageously a solution of tetrabutylammonium chloride (C4H9)4 NCl in propylene carbonate mixed with tetrabutylammonium perchlorate. The concentration of tetrabutylammonium salts in propylene carbonate is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 1 mole per liter and advantageously the ratio of tetrabutylammonium perchlorate concentration to tetrabutylammonium chloride concentration expressed in moles per liter does not exceed 10.