| 摘要 |
Cyclic oxides having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and one oxygen atom in the ring are polymerized with a catalyst comprising a mixture or reaction product of (A) an aromatic metal compound of the formula MeRn, where Me is aluminium, beryllium or zinc, R is F, Cl, Br, I, CN or R1, at least one being R1 where R1 is an aromatic hydrocarbon group of 6 to 20 carbon atoms which may be halo- and/or cyano-substituted, and n is the valency of Me, with (B) a cocatalyst which is (i) water, (ii) a water-soluble or miscible aliphatic alcohol, polyhydric alcohol or polyalkylene ether polyol of molecular weight up to about 600, (iii) mixtures of (i) and (ii), or (iv) the acidic oxide of alumina with or without an oxide of a metal of Groups II to IV. The polymerizable compounds may be mono- or polyepoxides and may contain unsaturation. Many examples are given. Copolymers and graft polymers are included. Many examples are also given of catalysts and cocatalysts. These may be reacted together or added in any order with the monomers. The catalyst residues may be removed from the polymer by washing, neutralizing &c., or anti-oxidants may be added before or during polymerization. The formation of gels or cross-links may be inhibited by nitro compounds or by excluding light. The polymers may be compounded with pigments, fillers, plasticizers, dyes, rubbers, other resins &c., many of which are specified. Both saturated and unsaturated polymers may be cured. The examples describe the polymerization of propylene oxide alone and with butadiene monoxide, using diphenyl zinc and water, diphenyl zinc and methanol and di-p-chlorophenyl zinc and water.ALSO:A catalyst for polymerizing cyclic oxides (see Division C3) comprises a mixture or reaction product of (A) an aromatic metal compound of the formula MeRn, where Me is aluminium, beryllium or zinc, R is F, Cl, Br, I, CN or R1, at least one being R1 where R1 is an aromatic hydrocarbon group of 6-20 carbon atoms which may be helo- and/or cyano-substituted, and n is the valency of Me, with (B) a co-catalyst which is (i) water, (ii) a water-soluble or miscible alcohol, polyhydric alcohol or polyalkylene ether polyol of molecular weight up to about 600, (iii) mixtures of (i) and (ii), or (iv) the acidic oxide of alumina with or without an oxide of a metal of Group II to IV. Many examples of (A) and (B) are given. They may be mixed together before contacting the monomer or added in any order to the monomer. The examples describe the use of diphenyl zinc and water, diphenyl zinc and methanol, and di-p-chlorophenyl zinc and water. |
