| 摘要 |
A method for the formation of a safe storage area to hold materials, where the storage area is in the form of an underground storage cavern in a preferably rock formation maintained at a different temperature from the natural temperature of the environs surrounding the walls, floor, and the ceiling of said storage cavern. The inside of the storage cavern is with or without insulation and an inner first circulation system surrounds the cavern. The circulation system has a plurality of channels regularly distributed around the cavern and near its surface parallel to the axis of the storage space. The system of tunnels formed of the channels together encloses and surrounds the cavern. Further away from the cavern and on the outside of and in working relation to the first inner circulation system is a second outer circulation system, consisting of a plurality of regularly distributed channels formed either from the said inner tunnel system or between a second outer system of surrounding tunnels parallel to the axis of the storage space and together with said last mentioned channels enclosing the cavern and the inner circulation system. A circulating drying heat exchange medium for exchanging heat between the circulating medium and the surroundings around the first inner circulation system is introduced into the first inner circulation system and a circulating heat exchange drying medium for exchanging heat between the circulating medium and the surroundings around the second outer circulation system is also employed by maintaining heat exchange with the surroundings of said first inner circulation system keeping its walls, floor, and ceiling of the cavern at a predetermined temperature above a temperature of the stored materials when storing hot materials below the temperature of the hot materials to form a temperature barrier envelope about said cavern. Ice sublimation rate at the cavern in a cryogenic storage is reduced by operating one or both circulation systems below 0 DEG C. when the cryogenic materials stored in said cavern is at a temperature below 0 DEG C. and maintaining the temperature barrier about and below the cavern at a higher level than that of said cryogenic material. Sublimed water vapor from ice and water in the area of said first inner circulation system, and when needed in the second outer circulation system is absorbed and removed by heat exchange and drying medium in the inner (outer) circulation system. The installation may be operated to remove water out of the storage wall, applying the gas diffusion principal.
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