| 摘要 |
A hydrostatic gradient generator has a first liquid chamber and a second liquid chamber detachably attached to a base provided with a pressure regulator. The regulator has inlets, one for each chamber and in communication with the lower end thereof with the two inlets opening into the regulator close to its upper end and at the same level to provide a pressure reference plane inclusive of the bottom of the gradient producing portion of the liquid in the second chamber. The portions of the chambers for the gradient forming volumes are of the same volumetric capacity with their cross sectional areas constantly increasing from a minimum at one end to a maximum at the other end, the minimum at the lower end of the first chamber and the maximum at the lower end of the second chamber. Means are provided to enable the first chamber to be offset vertically relative to the second chamber. In use, advantage is taken of the fact that the pressure at a given depth in a liquid body is equal to the density of the liquid times the distance to that depth from a free surface. While an appropriate lesser volume of liquid in the second chamber will result in initial flow from the first chamber, the method usually utilizes equal volumes of gradient forming liquids and requires that the first chamber be raised until the product of the height and density of the liquid therein is at least equal to the product of the height and density of the liquid in the second chamber. The flow, however, may initiate from the first chamber or the second chamber or it may flow simultaneously from both depending on the height and density relationship of the two liquids relative to the common pressure reference plane.
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