| 摘要 |
The method of dimerization of alpha-olefins consists in mixing at least one alpha-olefin with a two-component catalyst consisting of organic compounds of titanium, having the general formula Ti (OR)4, and of aluminum, having the general formula AlR3, where R is an alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an aryl, in a medium of a hydrocarbon solvent, at a temperature of 0 DEG to 100 DEG C and a pressure from 1 to 30 atm. Said constituents of the catalyst are pretreated with an ethylene-hydrogen mixture, containing from 5 to 95 percent by volume of hydrogen, at a temperature of from 0 DEG to 100 DEG C and a pressure of the ethylene-hydrogen mixture from 0.2 to 15 atm., for a period of time from 1 to 120 minutes. The method ensures high yields of butene-1 and hexenes, and high selectivity of the catalyst to said products. The butene-1 content of the butane mixture obtained in the process of ethylene dimerization is as high as 99 percent. The yield of butene-1 is from 80 to 345 g per gram of Ti(OR)4 per hour. The hexene content in the dimerizate obtained in the process of dimerization of propylene, or a mixture of ethylene and butene-1, is 25 percent. The yield of hexenes is from 4 to 80 g per gram of Ti(OR)4 per hour. The formation of polymers is significantly reduced. |
