| 摘要 |
<p>In oil and gas well pumping apparatus, a polish rod reciprocates through a stuffing box and connects to a submersible pump through a tubing string or the like. When servicing, it is desirable to close off the gas or oil pressure from below and hydraulic fluid is routed from a remote location to the blow out preventer. The blow out preventer consists of a cylindrical casing with a cap screw threadably engaged to the upper end thereof and containing a cylindrical spool or the like formed from elastomeric material having an annular channel around the outer perimeter which is operatively connected to the source of hydraulic fluid. When it is desired to close off the blow out preventer, hydraulic fluid is pumped under pressure to the channel thus forcing the center of the spool inwardly and clamping same around the polish rod thereby closing off the passageway around the polish rod. O rings surround the spool above and below the channel and assist in sealing. Upper and lower steps in the casing slope outwardly and away from one another to facilitate the return of the spool to the normal position when pressure is released.</p> |
