PRESSURE FLUID-ACTUATED OSCILLATORS

摘要

1533550 Fluid regulation PNEUPAC Ltd 18 Feb 1976 [7 March 1975] 9697/75 Heading G3H In a pressure-actuated oscillator, e.g. for lung ventilation equipment, of the type comprising a five-way valve A having a pressure inlet port a, exhaust ports b, c, and inlet/outlet ports 1, 2, the spool member of valve A is moved into its alternative end positions under the control of timing valves B.C. The timing interval of valve B is adjustable directly by a variable restrictor Br (to set the period of the inhalation phase) and the timing interval of valve C (exhalation phase) is automatically adjusted in consequence. With the spool of valve A positioned to provide the connections shown by full lines the exhaust port b is connected with the actuator of valve B through restrictor Br and with the patient P through a sonic flow restrictor D, and the inlet port a is connected with pressure-fluid actuator of valve C through fixed restrictor Cr. The latter causes a delay before the valve C is switched by a build-up of pressure from source S via port a. Once valve C switches it connects source S with pressure-fluid actuator P 2 of valve A to switch the latter into its position providing the dash-line connections. Thus the actuator of valve B and the patient are connected with the pressure of the source gas, e.g oxygen, air or anaesthetic, and the actuator of valve C is connected with exhaust port c. Capacitance E in the exhaust line from port c upstream of throttle T, allows a sudden decay in the pressure in actuator of valve C and causes the valve C to quickly switch to the actuator P 2 (full line connection), whereafter throttle T controls the rate of further pressure decay. When sufficient time has elapsed the valve B is switched to connect source S with actuator P 1 whereby the valve A is switched back to the position giving the full-line connections, and the cycle is repeated. The adjustment of the restrictor Br alters the time taken before the valve B switches which, in turn, alters the period over which the pressure in actuator of valve C is allowed to decay through throttle T. Thus the degree of decay of the pressure and consequently the period necessary for its subsequent build-up when the actuator of valve C is connected to source S, are automically adjusted by the direct adjustment of restrictor Br. The arrangement may be such that the adjustment can provide a 6:1 change in the inhalation phase with a 2:1 change in the exhalation phase. Capaciance H and throttle G function to ensure that the oscillator will produce adequate intervals in the pressure pulses to the patient even when valve B is set to produce very short duration pulses.