Process for the dyeing of polyacrylonitrile fibrous material

摘要

Water-soluble quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula: wherein R1 and R2 are each alkyl groups of C1-15 chain length wherein the sum of the carbon atoms in said groups is 9 to 18; R3 represents a C1-5 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group; R4 represents a C1-5 alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or benzyl group; R5 represents a benzyl group; and X represents a salt-forming anion, are effective retardant-levelling agents in the dyeing of anionic polyacrylonitrile fibers with basic (i.e. cationic) dyes.