| 摘要 |
<p>1498482 Metallurgical vessels EISENWERK GES MAXIMILIANSHUTTE mbH 7 Aug 1975 [8 Aug 1974]. 33054/75 Heading F4B A metal refining vessel comprises a refractory lining 33 Fig. 1 and, extending through the lining, one or more nozzles or tuyeres each having two concentric annular openings, an inner one 5 through which oxygen is to be blown into the vessel and an outer one 3 for protective jacket fluid, the tuyeres having a central core 8 of refractory material or metal. The tuyere of Fig. 1 is embedded in the lining, the outer tube 1 being of mild steel. The tube 2 is of special steel, the gap 3 between tubes 1 and 2 serving for the introduction of the protective fluid which may be natural gas, propane, butane or fuel oil. The next tube 4 also of special steel forms gap 5 for the oxygen which may be loaded with suspended solid materials, e.g. lime. The next tube 6 is of copper, providing a gap 7 for the introduction of other materials as necessary. Guides may be positioned in the annular gap 5 which give the oxygen a spin to ensure more rapid mixing with the molten metal. In the form of Fig. 3 the outer and inner annular openings are formed by a series of small channels 15, 16. The annular opening 20 for the oxygen has walls protected against abrasion by the solid matter in the oxygen. The copper tube 17 has a coating 18 of powdered metal applied by spraying. Tube 19 is chromium plated or is coated with metal powder or oxide-ceramic powder. A helical guide 25 gives the oxygen stream a spin. The whole tuyere is placed inside a mild steel tube 22 with a small gap 24 allowing the tuyere to be readily removed. The gap 24 may be used for a flow of protective hydrocarbon or filled with ceramic powder. The core 26 has a central tube 27 to accommodate measuring instruments 28 for determining the length of the tuyere. Other tubes 29, 30, of special steel, are for introducing solids, e.g. alloying elements, which are not suitable for loading in the oxygen stream. They may be introduced in an inert gas, e.g. nitrogen. Alternatively they may be used to introduce a gas or steam to stir the metal in the vessel. The tubes forming the annular openings are extended below the bottom of the vessel for connection to supply ducts (Fig. 4, not shown). The tuyere may have a cross-section other than circular, e.g. oval or polygonal and they may be in the side or bottom of the vessel. If in the bottom they may be inclined to the axis of the vessel to induce rotation in the melt.</p> |
