CATALYSTS

摘要

QM 35327 "CATALYSTS" A process for the bulk addition polymerisation of acrylic monomer species to give a polymer, which process is carried out in an extruder and is catalysed by a catalyst comprising two components: (a) an (initiator) first component of formula (I): M(Xm)(Yn)ZP (I) wherein M is Si, Ge or Sn m and p are each an integer and n is 0 or an integer such that (m + n + p) =4; X is QR1R2 where Q is N, P, As or P(=T)G.D where T is O or S and G and D are each independently a bond, O or S and R1 and R2 are each independently optionally substituted hydrocarbyl or together are optionally substituted hydrocarbadiyl which are inert in the process conditions of the present invention, or, when Q is P(=T)G.D as hereinbefore defined, R1 and R2 are each independently M(Yn)Zp as hereinbefore deflned. Y is independently any group as defined for X, or any group selected from a group OA where A is optionally substituted hydrocarbyl inert in the process conditions of the present invention, or trialkylsilylalkyl; Z is independently any group as defined for Y, or an organic polymer radical comprising further M(Yn)Zp moieties; or p is 2 and Z2 is a group Z12 a of the formula OSiR5R6OSiR7R8O-where R5, R6, R7 and R8 are each independently selected from any of the values defined for R1 or R2, or Z2 is a group which is a moiety -EBE- where E is a bond or O and B is a polymer diradical, or E is O and B is an inorganic solid on whose surface the two -O- groups are located, which comprises further -OMXmYnO-moieties; and (b) a (co-catalyst) second component salt comprising an anion selected from azide, cyanide, cyanate, fluoride, bifluoride, nitrate and optionally substituted organic mono- and poly-phosphonates, -phosphinates -sulphonates, -sulphinates, -carboxylates, -siloxides and -oxides; and a cation which in use of the catalyst is inert under the polymerisation process conditions yet renders the co-catalyst available in the polymerising medium.