THE DESULPHURIZATION OF HYDROCARBON OILS

摘要

1525509 Hydrodesulphurization of heavy oils SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ BV 22 Dec 1975 [24 March 1975] 52346/75 Heading C5E The catalytic hydrodesulphurization of heavy vanadium-containing oils is carried out in substantial absence of water vapour until the average vanadium content of the catalyst has increased by at least 5 parts by weight per 100 parts of the catalyst carrier and then is continued at a water vapour partial pressure of 0À5 to 30 bar. The hydodesulphurization can be carried out at 300-475‹ C and a hydrogen partial pressure of 30-200 bar; a product having a constant sulphur content can be produced by gradually increasing the temperature, lowering the temperature when the presence of the water vapour is commenced and thereafter again increasing the temperature. The water can be supplied by adding water to the oil, adding water vapour to the hydrogen or by adding a precursor such as an alcohol. The heavy oil feed can be a crude oil, an atmospheric or vacuum residue of a crude oil or of a product produced in the catalytic or thermal cracking of a heavy oil. The hydrodesulphurization can be preceded by a catalytic hydrodemetallization and can be carried out in one or more stages. The catalysts used in the Examples comprise nickel and molybdenum or cobalt and molybdenum on an alumina carrier having particular pore volume distributions.