| 摘要 |
<p>An aq. emulsion contains a water-immiscible liquid, and an emulsifier (I) which can be decomposed by alteration of the pH. Water-immiscible liquids which can be emulsified by (I) include crude and refined petroleum prods., other mineral oils, vegetable oils, fish oils, and pure or halogenated hydrocarbons. (I) are used to clean surfaces contaminated by oils or greases, e.g. fixed or mobile oil containers, railway and road vehicle bodywork, and vehicle repair shops. Cleaning of an oil-contaminated surface by appn. of an aq. soln. of (I), or an aq. emulsion of a hydrocarbon (kerosene) contg. (I), is claimed. In another claimed process, the surface is treated with (I), opt. with a hydrocarbon (kerosene), followed by treatment with water jets or stream. (I), 2-10 wt. %, can also be added to metal-working oils. After use, the emulsion can be broken, to give a clean aq. phase for release into sewers. With cutting oils, the oil is ready for re-use.</p> |
