| 摘要 |
1468251 Control of DC motors GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 4 June 1974 [11 June 1973] 24657/74 Heading H2J A series D.C. motor 12, 14 driving an electric vehicle is energized from a battery 10 through a thyristor 18 whose mark-space ratio is controlled by the output signal of an operational amplifier 124, which signal is also fed to one input of a comparator 32 whose other input receives, from a circuit 22, 24, 26, a signal representative of motor current, the arrangement being such that when the motor is operating in the drive mode, the comparator output is negative and blocked by diode 98, and when the motor operates in the braking mode (indicated when the comparator inputs achieve a predetermined relationship), the comparator output is positive and modifies the output of the amplifier 124. When driving, the output of the amplifier 124 is determined by the setting of the vehicle accelerator rheostat 116, whose signal is applied through a controlled acceleration circuit 114 for limiting the rate of signal increase to prevent wheel slip, by a network 117 whose signal corresponds to the desired motor torque at zero setting of the rheostat 116, and by a current-limit circuit 96 having a comparator 82 receiving the current signal from circuit 22, 24, 26 and a reference signal from members 88, 92 indicative of a desired maximum motor current. For currents below this reference the output of comparator 82 is negative and blocked by diode 84 from the amplifier 124, the positive output produced when the motor current exceeds the reference passing to amplifier 124 to reduce its signal and hence the mark-space ratio of the thyristor 18. When the detection circuit 100 senses the braking mode, the output of comparator 32 switches on a transistor 110 in circuit 114 to clamp its output at a fixed level and also increases, through members 90, 94, the maximum current limit of circuit 96 to produce a desired braking torque. Braking of the motor is effected by reversal of its field winding, Fig. 1 (not shown), with the resultant generated armature current flowing through diode 16 and the thyristor 18 being controlled at a reduced mark-space ratio. Typical characteristics relating motor voltage (corresponding to mark-space ratio) to current are discussed, Fig. 2 (not shown), to explain how the comparator 32 responds to the drive or braking condition regardless of the absolute values of current or mark-space ratio. The detection circuit may be modified to comprise two comparators (52, 54) having respective one and other inputs interconnected by a resistor chain (44, 46, 48, 50) and respective other and one inputs connected to the current and mark-space ratio signals, the comparator outputs being connected through diodes (56, 58), Fig. 4 (not shown). Thyristor 18 may have a conventional commutating circuit or be of the gate turn-off type. |
