| 摘要 |
<p>1461354 Detergents containing cation exchangers BASF AG 28 May 1974 [29 May 1973] 23487/74 Heading C5D The invention comprises a process for washing textile material with a detergent containing a sequestering agent based on a powdered cation exchanger as a substitute for phosphates, wherein the textile material is treated with an aqueous solution of a detergent containing a water-insoluble solid cation exchanger which has a particle size of less than 0À8 mm and has been prepared by a process including the steps of: (a) copolymerization of one or more sodium and/or potassium salts of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid with one or more cross-linking copolymerizable polyunsaturated monomers in an amount which gives a carboxyl group content in the polymer of at least 3 mg.-equivalents/g. and a sequestering power of at least 80 mg. of CaO/g., the copolymerization being carried out in water or in water and one or more other water-miscible inert solvents by irradiation with electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength of less than 0À7 Ám or by means of a freeradical initiator at a temperature of up to the boiling point of the solution, (b) removal of the water or the water and any other said solvent until the residual moisture content is less than 30% by weight, and, if necessary, (c) comminution of the cation exchanger to the desired particle size before or after step (b). The crosslinking polyunsaturated monomers may be a diester of an aliphatic diol of 2-6 C atoms or cycloaliphatic diol of 6 C atoms with a monoethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid of 3 to 5 C atoms; a divinyl ester of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid of C 4 -C 8 or aromatic dicarboxylic acid of C 8 C; a monovinyl ester of a mono-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid of C 3 to C 5 ; or an allyl ester of a mono- or dicarboxylic acid of C 3 -C 8 . Examples 1 to 4 are to the preparation of suitable cation exchangers (see Division C3). The cation exchangers are used in low-phosphate or phosphate-free detergent formulations, e.g. sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate, tallow fat soap, sodium carbonate, sodium perborate, magnesium silicate and carboxymethyl cellulose.</p> |
