| 摘要 |
1,196,369. Cracking; hydrocracking. MOBIL OIL CORP. 17 Oct., 1968 [18 March, 1968], No. 49239/68. Heading C5E. [Also in Division B1] Processes for hydrocarbon conversion, for example cracking, hydrocracking, isomerization, polymerization and other acid-catalysed processes, are effected in the presence of a catalyst containing silica and a metal oxide, which catalyst has been prepared by a process which includes the step of forming a gel composite by reacting an organic silicate and a basic metal salt, i.e. a salt which contains hydroxyl ion, the reaction taking place when both the organic silicate and metal salt are in solution in a polar solvent. The metal oxide may be an oxide of zinc, aluminium, thorium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, germanium, tin, vanadium, antimony, chromium or iron; specified catalysts contain silica and either alumina or zirconia. for example from 50% to 70% by weight of zirconia. The catalyst may be used, in the form for example of a fluidized bed or a moving bed, in processes for cracking hydrocarbon stocks at a temperature of from 700‹ F. to 1200‹ F. and a pressure of up to several hundred atmospheres; in combination with an (unspecified) hydrogenation component, the catalyst may be used in processes for hydrocracking heavy petroleum residual stocks and cycle stocks at a temperature of from 400‹ F. to 825‹ F., a pressure of from 10 p.s.i.g. to 2000 p.s.i.g., a liquid hourly space velocity of from 0À1 to 10 and a molar ratio of hydrogen to hydrocarbon charge of between 2 to 1 and 80 to 1. |
