Schmieroel

摘要

Lubricant and fuel compositions contain as sludge dispersant a compound which is a condensation product of (A) an alkinylsuccinic anhydride wherein the alkenyl group contains 40-250 C atoms, (B) a polyamine where n is 2 or 3, m is 0 to 10, and (C) a hydrocarbon mono- or di-carboxylic acid (see Division C2). A lubricating oil may comprise 0.01-20 weight per cent of the condensate of the invention in a base which may be a mineral lubricating oil or a synthetic lubricating oil, e.g. a di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate, complex esters, carbonate esters, or polysilicones. 0.05-10 wt. per cent each of conventional additives may also be present, such as oxidation inhibitors, e.g. phenyl-alpha-naphthylaine, rust inhibitors e.g. sodium nitrite and lanolin, antiwear agents e.g. trecresyl phosphate and zinc dialkyl-dithiophosphates, other dispersants and detergents e.g. calcium petroleum sulphonates, phosphosulphurized polyisobutylene and barium phenate sulphide, viscosity index improvers e.g. polymethacrylates, pour depressants and antifoam agents. Fuels, e.g. gasoline or fuel oil, may contain 0.001-1 wt. per cent of the additive of the invention. Lubricant compositions are described in examples.ALSO:The invention comprises macromolecular compounds which are obtained by condensing together (A) an alkenylsuccinic anhydride, in which the alkenyl group contains 40-350 carbon atoms; (B) a polyamine of formula where n is 2 or 3, and m is 0 to 10; and (C) a hydrocarbon mono- or di-carboxylic acid. In preferred compounds the alkenyl group is a polyisobutylene group of molecular weight 700-3000, the polyamine is tetraethylene pentamine, and the acid is acetic acid. The compounds may be prepared either by heating 0.5 to 1.5 moles each of (A) and (C) with one of (B) at e.g. 250-350 DEG C. for 1-30 hours, or by heating in equimolar proportions (A) with the imidazoline or pyrimidine derived from the reaction of (B) with (C) in stoichiometric ratio. The alkenylsuccinic anhydride may be prepared in a known way by heating equimolar proportions of maleic anhydride and the polyalkylene, with or without inert solvent present, either separately, or immediately before addition of (B) and (C). The products of the second method indicated will have the formula where R and R1 are hydrocarbon radicals, or one may be hydrogen, making 40-250 C atoms in the alkenyl group. The compounds of the invention are used as sludge dispersants in lubricant compositions (see Division C5).ALSO:Aminoalkyl 2-imidazolines or pyrimidines may be prepared by the reaction of polyamines of formula with hydrocarbon mono- or di-carboxylic acids, the products having the formula n being 2 or 3, m being 0-10, and R11 being the residue of the acid. Examples describe the reaction of tetraethylene pentamine with acetic acid and also with fumaric acid oleic acids.