| 摘要 |
<p num="1"><br/><br/><br/>A plunger in a plunger lift system in an oil and gas well includes shaped <br/>grooves spaced along the plunger body, angled fins or below the grooves, an <br/>elongated interior cavity open at the bottom, and passages connecting the <br/>interior cavity to the grooves. The shape, sizing and spacing of the grooves <br/>improves plunger seal and decreases liquid loss during plunger lift. The <br/>flutes or fins spin the plunger to clean the tubing string and prevent the <br/>plunger from becoming stuck in the lubricator. The interior cavity lightens <br/>the plunger and, in combination with the passages, improves the seal created <br/>by the shaped grooves. A method of controlling fluid flow in a tubing string <br/>in the plunger lift system includes the elongated plunger controllably <br/>traveling vertically therethrough, including the steps of: arranging an array <br/>of side holes through a side wall of the elongated plunger, wherein the side <br/>holes create turbulence in gas within the tubing string; and rotating the <br/>elongated plunger about a longitudinal axis thereof, as the plunger travels <br/>through the tubing string in the plunger lift system.<br/>
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