| 摘要 |
Compounds of general formula (I), wherein R<1> is hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl or a group of formula (II): -O(CH(R<10>)CH2O)nR<20>, R<2> is hydrogen or a group of formula (III): -O(CH(R<11>)CH2O)mR<21>, R<3> is a group of formula (IV): -(CH(R<12>)CH2O)pR<22>, and R<4> is a group of formula (V): -(CH(R<13>)CH2O)rR<23>, where R<10>, R<11>, R<12> and R<13> each is hydrogen or CH3, R<20> R<21>, R<22> and R<23> each is an acyl moiety of a polycarboxylic acid, and n, m, p and r each is an integer from 1 to 15; q is 1 or 2; with the provisos that if q is 2, then the 2 groups R<1> may be the same or different and the 2 groups R<2> may be the same or different; and, if one or more of the groups R<20>, R<21>, R<22>, and R<23> is an acyl moiety of a polycarboxylic acid group, then 0-3 of the remaining carboxy groups of the polycarboxylic acid form the acyl function(s) of a moiety R<20>, R<21>, R<22>, and R<23> in another unit of formula (I); and at least one of any free carboxylic acid groups are neutralized, as well as compositions comprising compounds of formula (I) and an additive, and aqueous emulsions of such compounds or compositions. The compounds of formula (I) are useful as self-emulsifying compounds, as cooling/lubricating agents in the machining of metals, in hydraulic fluids, and as mould release agents. |
