| 摘要 |
The invention relates to the area of mineral processing, and more particularly to separation of crushed mined material containing minerals, which are luminescent under the action of exciting radiation, into products to be concentrated and tailing products. The invention can be implemented both in X-ray-luminescent sorters at all benefication stages and in product inspection devices, like diamondiferous raw materials testing. The method of X-ray-luminescent separation of minerals consists of transportation of the flow of material being separated, irradiation of this material by periodic sequence of exciting radiation pulses within the specified section of the material free falling trajectory, registration of intensity of the mineral luminescence signal during each sequence period, real-time processing, in accordance with the specified conditions for each of the kinetic components of the registered signal, in order to determine the separation parameters, comparison of the parameters obtained to the specified threshold values, and separation of the mineral to be concentrated from the flow of material being transported according to the results of comparison. The X-ray-luminescent sorter being proposed for implementation of this method includes a means for transportation of the material being separated, a source of pulsed exciting X-ray radiation located above the surface of material being transported and capable of its irradiation in the section of the material free falling trajectory near the place of material descent from the means of transportation, a photo receiving device for luminescence registration located on the same side as the pulsed exciting X-ray radiation source in respect to the irradiated surface of the material being transported, with the possibility of combination of the area of registration of luminescence of the material being transported in the section of its free falling trajectory coinciding with the irradiation area, a unit for setting the threshold values of the luminescence signal intensity and threshold values of separation parameters, a synchronization unit, a digital luminescence signal processing unit provided by functions for determination of separation parameters, comparison of the parameter values obtained to the corresponding specified threshold values and generation of a command to be issued to the actuator, an actuator and receivers for the concentrated and tailing products. In order to achieve the technical result, the following elements have been additionally introduced into the sorter: a source of exciting X-ray radiation located above the surface of material being transported so as to ensure its irradiation in the section before the material descent from the means of transportation, and a photo receiving device provided with a means for filtration of the spectral range of the maximum intensity of luminescence of the mineral to be concentrated and located on the side opposite to the exciting X-ray radiation sources in respect of the trajectory of motion of the material being separated, with the possibility of restriction of its field of vision to the irradiated section of the material free falling trajectory so that the distance from the centre of the receiving window of the photo receiving device to the middle of the irradiated section of the material free falling trajectory should meet the following relation: h=L/2*tg &bgr;/2 where L is the largest linear dimension of the irradiated section of the material free falling trajectory; &bgr; is the aperture of the photo receiving device; and the digital luminescence signal processing device is capable of simultaneous real-time processing of luminescence signals from two photo receiving devices and is additionally provided with functions for determination, as the separation parameters, of the value of ratio of the slow component of the luminescence signal registered on the irradiated side of the material flow to the value of the slow component of the luminescence signal registered on the flow side opposite to irradiation, and the value of ratio of the fast component of the luminescence signal registered on the irradiated side of material flow to the value of the fast component of the luminescence signal registered on the flow side opposite to irradiation. |
