Compositions and methods for direct capture of organic materials from process streams

摘要

A particulate magnetic nanostructured solid sorbent (MNSS) material is described herein. The particles of the MNSS comprise a plurality of tethered nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are tethered together by substantially linear hydrocarbon chains, a poly(alkylene oxide) chains, or a combination thereof connecting the nanoparticles in a three-dimensional elastic network with the nanoparticles as junctions of the network having junction functionality of about 2.1 to about 6. The surfaces of at least some of the nanoparticles comprise a polymerized siloxane bearing at least one sorption-aiding substituent selected from a hydrophilic group and a lipophilic group. The plurality of nanoparticles is made up of superparamagnetic nanoparticles or a combination of superparamagnetic and non-magnetic nanoparticles. The individual superparamagnetic nanoparticles comprise a passivating metal oxide coating around a core comprising at least one nanocrystalline metal or alloy having ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic properties.

主权项

1. A particulate magnetic nanostructured solid sorbent (MNSS) material comprising a plurality of particles, each particle of the MNSS comprising a plurality of nanoparticles tethered together by molecular chains having at least two ends per chain, each chain comprising a substantially linear hydrocarbon, a poly(alkylene oxide), or a combination thereof, the ends of the chains connecting the nanoparticles in a three-dimensional elastic network; wherein the network has a junction functionality of about 2.1 to about 6, with the nanoparticles as junctions of the network; a surface of at least some of the nanoparticles comprises a polysiloxane bearing sorption-aiding substituents selected from hydrophilic substituents, lipophilic substituents, and a combination thereof; the plurality of nanoparticles comprises superparamagnetic nanoparticles or a combination of superparamagnetic and non-magnetic nanoparticles; the superparamagnetic nanoparticles comprise nanocrystalline metallic cores with a passivating metal oxide coating around each core; and the nanocrystalline metallic cores have ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic properties.