| 摘要 |
1409307 Electric cells UNION CARBIDE CORP 22 Dec 1972 [27 Dec 1971] 59372/72 Heading H1B A non-aqueous primary or secondary electrochemical cell comprises an anode 14, 16, a cathode collector 18, 20 and an ionically coduotive electrolyte 26 comprising a solution of an ionically conductive solute dissolved in an active cathode depolarizer with or without a co-solvent, wherein the active cathode depolarizer consists solely of a liquid oxyhalide of an element of Group V or Group VI of the Periodic Table. The oxyhalide may be phosphoryl chloride, vanadyl trichloride, vanadyl tribromide, thionyl bromide, thionyl chloride, sulphuryl chloride, pyrosulphuryl chloride chromyl chloride, selenium oxychloride, selenium oxyfluoride or mixed halides and oxyhalides of two or more elements from Groups V and VI. The solute may be a complex salt of a Lewis acid, such as aluminium or boron chloride, bromide or fluoride, antimony or phosphorus pentachloride or zirconium tetrachloride, and an inorganic ionizable salt, such as lithium, sodium or potassium chloride, bromide or fluoride or lithium sulphide, and an example given is lithium aluminium tetrachloride. As shown, a magnesium or nickel can 12 houses the anode 14, 16 which may comprise alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or alloys thereof with each other and other metals, e.g. lithium, sodium, potassium, lithium-magnesium or lithium-monoaluminate. The cathode collector preferably comprises a porous graphite cylinder 18 and a graphite rod 20, although it may also comprise metal film or screen, at least partially carbonaceous pressed powder or a PTFE-carbon mixture. Between the anode and cathode may be a separator comprising a side separator 22 of a sheet of compacted polypropylene fibres and a bottom separator 24 of a perforated disc of PTFE. The electrolyte may additionally contain an organic liquid co-colvent for the solute comprising propylene carbonate, nitrobenzene or dimethyl sulphoxide and/or a gelling agent comprising colloidal silica and/or carbon. A number of particular examples of cells are given. |
