| 摘要 |
1394911 Bleaching HOECHST AG 1 Jan 1973 [3 Jan 1972] 27/73 Heading D1P A bleaching and finishing process comprises fibrous material with a liquid or pasty composition comprising a salt of chlorous acid as polymerisation initiator and bleaching agent, a polymerisable olefinically unsaturated compound less than 80% wt of water and at least 15% wt of an alkylene oxide addition product of a compound having 1 to 10 active hydrogen atoms, the addition product containing at least one alkylenoxy group of formula -(CRHCH 2 O)- wherein R is H, CH 3 or C 2 H 5 , the alkylenoxy group being linked via an oxygen or nitrogen atom. The chlorite may be alkali or alkaline earth or colourless heavy metal chlorite. Hydrogen peroxide, inorganic or organic peroxides, ozone chlorine dioxide or hypochlorites may also be present. The alkylene oxide part of the addition product may contain 2, 3 or 4C atoms. The addition product may be a sulphuric, phosphoric or carboxylic ester. Mixtures of the addition products with one another and with polyalkylene glycols can be used. The alkylene oxide addition product may be specified alkylene glycols of mw up to 20,000 and graft and block polymers of ethylene-, propylene- or butylene-oxides. The alkylene oxide addition product may alternatively be derived from compounds of the formula X-(CHR-CH 2 O) n -Y where R is H, CH 3 or C 2 H 5 and X is -OR 1 -OR 3 O(CHRCH 2 O) n Y, -OOCR 2 , OOCR 3 COO(CHRCH 2 O) n Y, -NHR, -NR 1 R 2 , -NHR 3 NHR 3 NH(CHRCH 2 O) n Y, OCONH 2 , -NHOCR 2 , -OSO 3 Me, OPO 3 Me 2 , OPO 3 (R 2 ) 2 , OPO[O(CHRCH 2 O) n Y] 2 , OPO.(OM).O(CHRCH 2 O) n Y, OPO.OR 1 .O(CHRCH 2 O) n Y. where Y is H, R 1 , -OCR 2 , -CONH 2 , -SO 3 M or -PO 3 M 2 R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are specified alkyl, fluoroalkyl, phenyl, alkylphenyl, napthyl, alkylnapthyl, cycloalkyl, alkyltriazinyl, hydroxyphenyl, diphenylene or diphenyl ether radicals, M is H, alkali metal, alkaline earth or ammonium ion, n is 1 to 50. The alkylene oxide addition product may be derived from glycerol, pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane, hexantriol, butantriol, sorbitol, memitol, glucose, saccharose and carbamates, sulphates, sulphonates and phosphates thereof; terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, orthophthalic acid, benzene hexacarboxylic acid; phenol, alkyl phenol, napthol, cyclohexanol or fatty acids. The amount of water present in the bleaching mixture may be 0.5-80% wt. The olefinic monomer may be acrylic or methacrylic esters of mono or polyvalent or fluorinated alcohols and polyalkylene glycols, salts of acrylic or methacrylic acid, acrylo- or fluorinated alcohols and polyalkylene glycols, methacrylonitrile or amide, cyanoethyl acrylate, N-alkylacrylamide, acryloylhexahydro triazine, acyl guanamine, methylene-bis-acrylamide, itaconic, crotonic, maleinic, fumeric esters, salts and derivatives thereof, vinyl esters styrene and substituted styrenes, sodium styrene sulphonate, vinyl pyridine, vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl silane, vinylethoxy silane, alkyl vinyl ether, divinyl benzene, vinylsulphonic acid salts, vinylphosphonic acid, isoprene, allyl esters of acetoacetic acid, phthallic acid or phosphoric acid, and triallyl cyanurate, perfluoroacrylic acid ester, vinylphosphonic acid derivatives, dyestuffs or mixtures thereof. The mixture may also contain optical brightners, dyes, pigments, complex forming agents, stabilisers, polymerisation inhibitors, thickners, defoaming agents, fibre-protecting and fibre-swelling agents and chlorite activators. Solvents such as specified hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulphoxide and silicon oil may be present: The bleaching mixture may be applied as a solution, paste, foam or emulsion by impregnation, slop padding, doctoring, J-box, open-width bleaching machines, jet-dying apparatus at, below or above room temperature using, e.g. steam, for heating. The components of the mixture may be applied simultaneously or separately. The pH of the bleaching mixture may be 7-11. The bleaching mixture may be irradiated. The material being bleached may be lace, tutle, felt, laminate, pile fabric, knitted fabric, cellulose, wood pulp, straw, paper, cotton, linen, jute, sisal, viscose, rayon, cellulose triacetate, cellulose 2¢ acetate, alginate fibres and fibres of wool, hair, polyesters, polyamides, polycarbonates, polyacrylonitrile, polyolefins, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacetol, polyurethane, polytetrafluorotheylene, and copolymers thereof, mixtures thereof, and feathers. The material may be pre-irradiated, dyed or finished. |
