| 摘要 |
A tubular housing has one end closed by a cover plate and two adjoining inner conical or tapered surfaces centrally disposed therein; the innermost surface has a non-self-binding taper, while the adjacent one has a self-binding taper. The surfaces cooperate with three rings, two of which are solid rings having tapered circumferential walls arranged in the non-self-binding section, i.e., the one closed by the cover plate. Impact energy, for example due to an abrupt deceleration of a car during braking emergency or collision, is transmitted to the system via a centrally arranged shaft which is guided loosely by central bores in the rings and held against the cover plate by a compression spring. Upon impact, the shaft displaces first the split ring and, in dependence with the magnitude of the impact energy, then the other solid rings against the force of the compression spring and frictional force acting between the rings and the tapered surface of the housing. The material of construction of the housing and/or the rings can be bronze, steel, or berryllium or berryllium alloy.
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