Electronic quantum information probability transfer

摘要

Digital communication systems utilizing entangled qubits are disclosed. The disclosed systems and component sending devices and receiving devices exploit selective entanglement swapping to transfer an entangled state between the sending device and the receiving device. Each device includes pairs of qubits that are independently entangled with pairs of qubits in the other device. By selectively entangling the qubits within a pair in the sending device, the qubits of the corresponding pair in the receiving device also are selectively entangled. When the qubits are entangled, they are projected onto a particular entangled state type. Though no information may be transferred through selective entanglement of one qubit pair, systems of the present disclosure determine whether a set of pairs of qubits are entangled by determining whether the distribution of pairs is a correlated or uncorrelated distribution (a probabilistic approach) and transform the distribution type to a classical bit of data.

主权项

1. A communication system comprising:
a sending device comprising a sending entanglement queue of sending entanglement sets of sending entanglement pairs of sending qubits; and a receiving device comprising a receiving entanglement queue of receiving entanglement sets of receiving entanglement pairs of receiving qubits; wherein the sending qubits of the sending entanglement queue and the receiving qubits of the receiving entanglement queue are entangled in entangled groups that each include at least one of the sending qubits and at least one of the receiving qubits; wherein the sending device is configured to send a digital message to the receiving device by encoding a plurality of classical bits of data into the sending entanglement sets of the sending device, wherein each classical bit has either a first binary value or a second binary value, wherein each classical bit is encoded by a corresponding sending entanglement set that is one of the sending entanglement sets of the sending entanglement queue, and wherein each classical bit is encoded as one of
(a) a correlated distribution in the corresponding sending entanglement set formed by entangling each sending entanglement pair of the corresponding sending entanglement set, provided that the classical bit is the first binary value, or(b) an uncorrelated distribution in the corresponding sending entanglement set formed by entangling less than all of the sending entanglement pairs of the corresponding sending entanglement set, provided that the classical bit is the second binary value; wherein the receiving device is configured to receive the digital message from the sending device by decoding the plurality of classical bits of data from the receiving entanglement sets of the receiving device, wherein each classical bit is decoded from a corresponding receiving entanglement set that is one of the receiving entanglement sets of the receiving entanglement queue, and wherein each classical bit is decoded by one of
(a) determining that each receiving entanglement pair of the corresponding receiving entanglement set is in a possible entangled state to identify the correlated distribution in the corresponding receiving entanglement set and to assign the first binary value to the classical bit, or(b) determining that at least one of the receiving entanglement pairs of the corresponding receiving entanglement set is in a separable state to identify the uncorrelated distribution in the corresponding receiving entanglement set and to assign the second binary value to the classical bit.