| 摘要 |
The mono-, di- and tri-nitro derivatives of tetrahydrocardanol (3-pentadecylphenol), and the amino compounds obtained by reduction thereof, may be used as antioxidants in mineral, animal, vegetable and marine oils, lubricating oils and fats, e.g. in olive oil, linseed oil, china-wood oil, fish oils and fish liver oils. A suitable proportion of the mononitro compounds is 0.1-2 per cent by weight of the oil. The said compounds may also be used in gasoline as gum inhibitors.ALSO:The mononitro derivatives of tetrahydrocardanol (3-pentadecylphenol) may be reacted with formaldehyde to produce resinous condensation products. They may also be added to mixtures of paraformaldehyde and polymerized cashew nut shell liquid to accelerate condensation.ALSO:Mononitro derivatives of tetrahydrocardanol (3-pentadecylphenol) are manufactured by nitrating tetrahydrocardanol by a method known to be capable of nitrating phenols. The nitration is preferably effected with nitric acid of at least 35 per cent (e.g. 35-92 per cent) concentration at 0-30 DEG C. in the presence of a solvent inert under the reaction conditions and preferably boiling below 150 DEG C., freezing below 0 DEG C. and dissolving an equal volume of tetrahydrocardanol at 10 DEG C. (e.g. benzene, toluene, acetic anhydride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1 : 2 - dichlorethane, trichloroethane, 1 : 2-dichlorethylene or 1-chloro-n-butane, or mixtures thereof), the volume ratio of solvent to tetrahydrocardanol being generally between about 1 : 1 and 6 : 1, preferably between about 2 : 1 and 3 : 1. The product contains 4- and 6-nitro-3-pentadecylphenol, which may be separated by selectively dissolving the 6-nitro compound in petroleum ether, and may be further nitrated to yield di- and tri-nitro compounds. The mono-, di-and tri-nitro compounds may be reduced to amines. The nitro- and amino-compounds are useful as antioxidants, e.g. in mineral and fatty oils and rubber, and as insecticides and fungicides. Examples describe the manufacture and separation of the mononitro compounds and their reduction to the corresponding amines. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the subject-matter of Specification 627,928, and also the direct nitration of 3-pentadecylphenol to the trinitro compound, e.g. by treatment with fuming nitric acid at 10-60 DEG C. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:The mono-, di- and tri-nitro derivatives of tetrahydrocardanol (3 - pentadecylphenol), and the amino compounds obtained by reduction thereof, may be employed as insecticides. The mononitro compounds may also be emulsified with water in the presence of alkalis to give materials which may be used as fungicides with proteins such as gelatin, glue, vegetable proteins and casein.
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