System, Machine, and Computer-Readable Storage Medium for Forming an Enhanced Seismic Trace Using a Virtual Seismic Array

摘要

Embodiments of a system are provided for forming enhanced seismic array traces using virtual seismic sensors in addition to the real seismic sensors to form a virtual seismic array. The system receives the signal responses from the real sensors, processes the signal responses from the sensors to define virtual signals using a narrowband decomposition of the complex envelope of the sensor signal responses, calculates second- and fourth-order statistics to derive steering vectors for the array of real sensors, and forms a virtual seismic array in response thereto. Machines, computer program product, and computer-implemented methods are provided for forming enhanced seismic array traces by receiving the array responses from sensors, processing the signals to define virtual sensor signals and a virtual seismic array, and forming an array response for the virtual seismic array to form a seismic trace of enhanced resolution.

主权项

1. A method to form a virtual array of seismic sensors thereby to enhance resolution of an array response for a limited number of real seismic sensors, the method comprising:
dividing each of a plurality of wideband seismic signals of a plurality of real seismic sensors into one or more narrowband signals; transforming each of the one or more narrowband signals into a complex-value form, the complex-value form configured to include phase and amplitude; creating one or more virtual seismic sensors responsive to a second-order covariance matrix and a different covariance matrix configured to have an order higher than the second-order covariance matrix thereby to define a higher-order covariance matrix; transforming each of the one or more narrowband signals into the time-space domain responsive to the plurality of real seismic sensors and the one or more virtual seismic sensors thereby to form a new seismic array, the new seismic array configured to include the plurality of real seismic sensors and the one or more virtual seismic sensors thereby to define a virtual array of seismic sensors; and combining the one or more transformed narrowband signals into a reconstituted wideband seismic signal thereby to recover each of the plurality of wideband seismic signals and enhance resolution of the plurality of wideband seismic signals.