METHOD FOR PROCESSING COMBUSTIBLE CARBON-CONTAINING AND/OR HYDROCARBON-CONTAINING PRODUCTS, REACTOR FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME (VARIANTS) AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING COMBUSTIBLE CARBON-CONTAINING AND/OR HYDROCARBON-CONTAINING PRODUCTS

摘要

The inventions are related to industrial processing of combustible carbon- and hydrocarbon products. A method of processing combustible carbon- and hydrocarbon products is implemented using a reactor equipped with temperature sensors. The reactors comprise the phases of heating the charge (13), pyrolysis of combustible components and coking (12), combustion (11), and formation of a solid residue (4). At the phases of heating the charge (13) and coking and pyrolysis (12), an aerosol sorption zone (21) is formed, i.e. dust particles and condensed liquid droplets carried away from the combustion zone (11), by flushing the upper part of the charge by liquid hydrocarbon-containing products through the dispenser (22) and/or by adding to the charge the solid hydrocarbon-containing products having a softening point above 60 °C and the end boiling point above 300 °C. The plant includes a reactor (either of the two aforementioned models), the discharge assembly for discharging of solid and non-combustible by-products (27), the steam-gas mixture discharge unit (28), a cyclone separator for coarse filtering (cleaning unit for purification and removing the solid and liquid carbonaceous particles) (29), liquid products condensation unit (30), Florence flasks for condensates (31), and liquid hydrocarbon waste tank sump (32). Between the cyclone-type cleaning unit for purification and removing the solid and liquid carbonaceous particles (29) and the liquid products condensation unit (30), there is an additional steam-gas mixture purification unit (33), consisting of a centrifugal separator for fine purification (34) and one selective-type cyclone (35). The liquid hydrocarbon waste tank (32) is equipped with a feed dispenser for their charging to the dispenser (22) located at the upper lid of the reactor (3). The invention allows an improvement of the quality of purification of the steam-gas mixture from solid and liquid-drop impurities up to 95%, increases the process productivity and simplifies the required hardware design. The invention improves the quality of the steam-gas mixture purification from solid and liquid-drop impurities for up to 95 percent, increases the process productivity and simplifies the hardware design. 4 independent claims, 16 dependent claims, 4 figures, 3 tables, 3 examples.